I’m thrilled to guide you through a journey unlike any other—a deep dive into the heart of Tuscany, where the historic city of Siena stands as a beacon of medieval beauty and cultural richness. This article is your ultimate companion to uncovering the 13 best things to do in this enchanting city.
Crafting this list wasn’t a task we took lightly. It involved personal exploration and conversations with locals, alongside diligent research. These experiences combined allowed us to distill the essence of Siena into 13 amazing activities and sights. Our methodology wasn’t just about picking the most popular spots; it was about weaving together a tapestry of experiences that truly encapsulate what it means to immerse yourself in Siena.
Siena is a city that dances to the rhythm of its historic past while gracefully embracing the present. From the fan-shaped piazza that has hosted countless Palio horse races to the tranquil beauty of its surrounding countryside, Siena is a city of contrasts and harmonies. This guide aims to take you beyond the surface, to help you explore the nooks and crannies of Siena’s storied streets, and introduce you to the flavors, sounds, and sights that make this city a treasure trove of experiences.
Our hope is that through this article, you’ll not only discover the 13 best things to do in Siena but also feel the heartbeat of the city. Whether it’s your first visit or your tenth, there’s always something new to uncover in Siena’s narrow alleys, majestic buildings, and lively festivals. Let’s embark on this journey together, with open hearts and minds, ready to be enchanted by the timeless allure of Siena.
A Brief History of Siena
Siena, a city in Italy’s Tuscany region, boasts a rich history that harks back to ancient times. It was initially settled by the Etruscans, an advanced pre-Roman civilization, around 900-400 BC, with its prominence growing under Roman rule when it served as a military station. Following the collapse of the Roman Empire, Siena evolved through the Middle Ages into a bustling city-state with its own distinct identity.
The height of Sienese power and culture came during the late Middle Ages. During this period, Siena was a fierce rival of nearby Florence, both economically and militarily. This rivalry is epitomized by the Battle of Montaperti in 1260, where Siena achieved a notable victory against Florence. Yet, Siena’s independence ebbed away after the plague took a heavy toll. Add in the resulting economic difficulties and it was defeated by Florence in the 16th century.
Despite periods of strife, Siena flourished in the arts and became a significant center of finance. The city is renowned for its exquisite medieval architecture, most notably the Siena Cathedral (Duomo) and the Piazza del Campo, the shell-shaped town square where the famous Palio horse race is held twice every summer.
Today, Siena is celebrated not only for its historical legacy but also for its preservation of medieval culture. It remains a pivotal site for historical research and tourism, drawing visitors worldwide who are eager to experience its timeless beauty and rich history.
Top 13 Incredible Things To Do In Siena
1. Explore Piazza del Campo
Exploring Piazza del Campo is a must-do when you visit Siena. It’s located at the heart of this historic city. Renowned as one of Europe’s greatest medieval squares, it offers a breathtaking glimpse into the past with its unmistakable shell shape.
Here, you’ll find yourself surrounded by stunning architecture, including the Palazzo Pubblico and its tower, Torre del Mangia. These iconic structures provide not only a feast for the eyes but also a rich narrative of Siena’s storied history.
It’s the perfect place for travelers looking for a blend of cultural enrichment and relaxation. The piazza is alive with cafes and restaurants where you can sit back, enjoy a traditional Italian meal or sip on some coffee, all while soaking in the vibrant atmosphere. Whether you’re interested in history, architecture, or just looking to experience the lifestyle of a charming Italian city, Piazza del Campo delivers on all fronts.
2. Climb the Torre del Mangia
Climbing the Torre del Mangia should undoubtedly be on your list of top attractions in Siena. Located in the heart of this medieval city, adjacent to the Piazza del Campo, this towering structure offers an unparalleled experience. The climb is an adventure in itself, leading you upwards through ancient steps that tell tales of history with each stride.
Once you reach the top, the reward is breathtaking. The panoramic view of Siena and its rolling hills, with terracotta roofs and historic buildings stretching into the horizon, is unmatched and provides a perfect photo opportunity. It’s an awe-inspiring sight that encapsulates the beauty of Tuscany.
3. Explore the Museo Civico
Exploring the Museo Civico in Siena offers you an enriching peek into the heart of medieval Tuscan art and history. Located within the iconic Palazzo Pubblico in Siena’s majestic Piazza del Campo, this museum is a treasure trove waiting to be discovered.
As you stroll through its halls, you’re greeted by an array of stunning frescoes and artworks that tell the tale of Siena’s rich past. From the famous frescoes by Simone Martini and Ambrogio Lorenzetti, which depict scenes of good and bad governance, to a variety of sculptures and paintings, each piece captivates with its historical significance and artistic beauty.
4. Visit the Siena Cathedral (Duomo di Siena)
Visiting the Siena Cathedral, known in Italian as Duomo di Siena, is a must-do when you’re in Siena. Located in the heart of the city, this stunning cathedral is an architectural masterpiece that you’ll find hard to forget. Its facade is adorned with intricate sculptures and a mix of white and dark green marble, a sight that mesmerizes at first glance.
Inside, the cathedral houses an impressive collection of art, including works by Donatello, Bernini, and Michelangelo. The beautifully decorated floor, composed of elaborately carved marble tiles, tells biblical stories and showcases the masterful craftsmanship of the Renaissance era. It’s not just a place of worship but a gallery that exhibits the richness of Italian art and history.
Visiting the Siena Cathedral offers travelers not just a glimpse into the city’s religious significance but also into its artistic and cultural heart. The combination of its breathtaking architecture, invaluable artworks, and the serene atmosphere makes it an ideal spot for those looking to enrich their travel experience.
5. Discover the Piccolomini Library
Discover the Piccolomini Library, nestled within the iconic Siena Cathedral, is a jewel waiting to be explored. This library is not just a room filled with books; it’s a masterpiece of Renaissance art and architecture.
Walking into the library, you’re immediately struck by the vibrant frescoes that line the walls, painted by the renowned artist Pinturicchio. These paintings depict episodes from the life of Pope Pius II, offering a vivid glimpse into the past. It’s like stepping into a storybook where history and art intertwine.
What makes the Piccolomini Library a must-visit for travelers is its breathtaking beauty and the serene atmosphere that fills the space.
6. Take a tour of the Ospedale di Santa Maria della Scala
The Ospedale di Santa Maria della Scala, across from the Siena Cathedral, beckons as a must-visit. This ancient hospital, one of Europe’s oldest, has been a sanctuary for pilgrims, the needy, and the sick since the 11th century, making it steeped in centuries of care and hospitality.
Now transformed into a museum, its halls offer a journey through remarkable art, archaeology, and heritage collections. You’ll wander through frescoed rooms, exploring exhibits that tell tales of medical history, art, and Sienese culture. The complex also hosts temporary exhibitions, ensuring there’s always something new to discover.
Venturing into this historical jewel offers a unique perspective on how charity and art intertwined in medieval Siena, making it an enlightening stop for travelers intrigued by history, art, and architecture.
7. Wander through the streets of the Historic Center
Wandering through the streets of Siena’s historic center is an experience not to be missed. Located in the heart of the city, this area is where the past and present merge, offering you a vivid journey through time. As you meander along the narrow, medieval streets, you’re enveloped by the rich history that adorns each corner.
Within the historic center, you’ll find an array of shops, cafes, and restaurants, each with its own unique charm. This gives you the perfect opportunity to sample traditional Tuscan cuisine or pick up a handmade souvenir to remember your journey. It’s not just about the food and items you can purchase; it’s about immersing yourself in the local culture.
8. Attend the Palio di Siena
Attending the Palio di Siena should be at the top of your list when visiting this historic Italian city. This spectacular horse race is not just any event; it’s a deeply rooted tradition held in Siena’s main square, Piazza del Campo, twice a year on July 2 and August 16. The Palio is more than a race; it’s a fierce competition between the city’s districts, known as “contrade.” Each competes for pride, honor, and the coveted silk banner, or “palio.”
You’ll find nothing short of vibrant energy here. The square fills with locals and travelers alike, all eager to witness the breathtaking speed and skill of the riders and their horses. It’s a fantastic opportunity to immerse yourself in local culture and tradition.
The Palio di Siena offers a unique glimpse into the heart and soul of Siena, making it an unforgettable experience for visitors. Whether you’re a fan of history, culture, or simply looking for an adrenaline rush, attending the Palio is a must-do. If you can make it here during this time, do it!
9. Visit the Basilica of San Domenico
Visit the Basilica of San Domenico in Siena to immerse yourself in a unique blend of history and spirituality. Positioned on a hill that commands a view over the city, this majestic church is not hard to find, offering both a scenic spot and a deep dive into the Gothic architecture that dominates Siena.
Inside, you’re welcomed by the austere beauty typical of the Dominican order, yet there’s something profoundly captivating about its simplicity. Here, you’ll find the well-preserved head of St. Catherine of Siena, one of Italy’s patron saints, drawing not only the devout but also those intrigued by the rich history and artistry enshrined within its walls.
10. Enjoy Tuscan cuisine
Enjoying Tuscan cuisine is a must-do. It’s not just about food; it’s an immersive experience into the rich cultural and historical tapestry of the region. Siena, with its medieval streets and plazas, hosts numerous trattorias, osterias, and cafes where Tuscan culinary delights await.
You’ll find these eateries throughout the city, but particularly around the famous Piazza del Campo. Here, you can indulge in dishes that have been perfected over centuries—think robust ribollita (a hearty soup), pappardelle al cinghiale (wide noodles with wild boar sauce), and the sweet treat panforte, a spicy fruit and nut cake that Siena is famous for.
This culinary adventure is a gateway to understanding Tuscany’s soul, through recipes passed down through generations, made with fresh, local ingredients.
11. Visit the Palazzo Salimbeni
Visiting the Palazzo Salimbeni in Siena is an experience not to be missed. Nestled in the heart of Siena, right at the Piazza Salimbeni, this striking Gothic building captures the essence of Medieval Siena. As the headquarters of one of the oldest banks in the world, Monte dei Paschi di Siena, the Palazzo is not just an architectural marvel but also a symbol of Siena’s rich historical and economic heritage.
Upon your visit, you’ll be intrigued by its fascinating facade and the compelling tales of economic history and power it represents. Although access to the interior may be limited, the exterior itself offers plenty of photo opportunities. The surrounding square is a serene spot, ideal for taking a moment to appreciate Siena’s timeless beauty.
12. Visit the Fortezza Medicea
Visiting the Fortezza Medicea should definitely be on your to-do list in Siena. Located in the northwestern part of the city, this fortress is a splendid example of military architecture from the Renaissance period. It’s not just a historical site; today, it serves as a public park and a venue for various events, making it a vibrant part of Siena’s cultural life.
As you walk through its vast grounds, you can explore the well-preserved walls and ramparts, offering stunning views of the city and the surrounding Tuscan countryside. It’s a perfect spot for a leisurely stroll, a picnic, or even just to find a quiet place to relax away from the bustle of the city center.
Moreover, the Fortezza Medicea hosts the Enoteca Italiana, where you can sample and learn about Italian wines. This makes it an ideal visit for wine enthusiasts looking to experience the rich wine culture of the region. With its blend of history, beauty, and culture, the Fortezza Medicea offers something for every traveler.
13. Experience the Sienese art scene at the Pinacoteca Nazionale
If you’re journeying through Siena, diving into its rich art culture is a must, and the Pinacoteca Nazionale stands as a prime spot for this adventure. Nestled in the heart of Siena, within easy reach from the city’s famed Piazza del Campo, this art museum is a treasure trove of Sienese paintings and masterpieces.
The Pinacoteca Nazionale offers a chronological journey through Sienese art, showcasing works from the 12th to the 17th centuries. Here, you’ll encounter pieces by renowned artists such as Duccio, Simone Martini, and Pietro and Ambrogio Lorenzetti, allowing you to see the evolution of art styles right before your eyes.
Why make it a stop on your travel itinerary? It’s not merely about observing art; it’s about experiencing a key piece of Siena’s soul and history. The museum, with its well-curated collection, offers insight into the past lives and artistic achievements of this historic city.
How To Get To Siena
It is not hard to get to Siena. There is a train station and it’s also easy to drive here. Exactly how to get to Siena depends on where you are starting from.
If you’re coming from the north, Milan might be your starting point. Hop on at Milano Centrale, and with just one or two quick changes – usually in Florence (Firenze Santa Maria Novella) – you’ll find yourself stepping off in Siena in about 3-4 hours.
From the eternal city of Rome, your gateway to Siena could not be smoother. A direct train might not always be available, but don’t let that deter you. Catch a train to Chiusi or Florence and from there, a connecting train to Siena. This journey will take you approximately 3 hours, enveloping you in the beautiful countryside and rolling hills of Tuscany as you approach your destination.
If you’re in Florence, congratulations, you’re already close to Siena! You can take a bus or a train. In fact, the bus is often quicker at about an hour and a quarter. This option is not only efficient but also provides a scenic route into the heart of Tuscany.
For those who prefer driving, the roads winding through Tuscany offer an unforgettable experience. From Florence, take the Raccordo Autostradale Firenze-Siena, a toll-free highway that gets you to Siena in about an hour, depending on traffic. This journey through vineyards and Tuscan hillsides promises breathtaking views and the freedom to stop at charming towns along the way.
If you are coming from further afield, the closest airport is in Florence.
Final Words
Exploring Siena offers a rich tapestry of experiences that cater to history buffs, art lovers, and culinary enthusiasts alike. From strolling through the Piazza del Campo to marveling at the treasures housed in the Siena Cathedral, this Tuscan gem encapsulates the essence of Italian culture and heritage. Each activity on our list not only showcases the best of Siena but also promises an unforgettable journey into the heart of medieval Italy, where every corner tells a story and every flavor brings a piece of history to life.
Whether you’re planning to witness the exhilarating Palio horse race, explore the depths of Siena’s storied past, or simply savor the exquisite local cuisine, Siena is a destination that will endlessly enchant and surprise you. The 13 best things to do in Siena highlighted here are just the beginning of what this captivating city has to offer.
So, pack your bags and set off on an adventure that will leave you with memories to cherish for a lifetime. Siena awaits to reveal its wonders and wrap you in its mesmerizing charm.
You can find more guides to Central Italy here or click here to discover the most beautiful places in Tuscany. Spoiler! Siena is on the list. You can also find our guide to places in Tuscany that are off the beaten track here and why Pisa is more than its Leaning Tower here.
