Matera is a fascinating city that seems to have been sculpted from the very earth it stands upon. The oldest city in Europe, it definitely deserves a place on your Italian itinerary. In this article, I bring you the 10 best things to do that promise an unforgettable time in Matera. This city, with its picturesque sassi (cave dwellings) and rich history, offers a unique blend of ancient tradition and modern culture that you’ll find captivating.
Crafting this list wasn’t a task I took lightly. I scoured through traveler reviews, tapped into local wisdom, and wandered the ancient stone streets of Matera myself. Every suggestion is backed by real experiences and a deep appreciation for what makes Matera truly stand out from the crowd.
Matera invites curiosity and rewards it with awe at every turn. From its ancient cave dwellings that tell tales as old as time to its vibrant cultural scene that pulses through the city streets today, there’s something inherently magical about this place. As I walk you through my top picks, I aim to not only guide your itinerary but also to kindle a sense of wonder and exploration.
Sure, I could talk about the usual tourist attractions, but what I’ve found goes deeper. These 10 experiences are about immersing yourself in the life of Matera, understanding its history, and engaging with its future. So, whether you’re a history buff, a lover of nature, or someone who simply appreciates beauty in all its forms, this guide is designed to ensure that your visit to Matera is as enriching as it is enjoyable.
A Brief History Of Matera
Matera, nestled in the Basilicata region of southern Italy, stands as one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities, with a history that spans over 9,000 years. This remarkable city is renowned for its ancient cave dwellings, known as “Sassi”, carved from the calcareous rock of the region. These caverns, first excavated and inhabited by troglodyte communities in the Paleolithic period, are a testament to human adaptability and ingenuity.
The Sassi of Matera were developed into a more complex urban structure in the Middle Ages. Over centuries, these dwellings were expanded vertically and horizontally, creating a unique stone landscape that blends seamlessly with the natural terrain. Churches, monasteries, and homes were intricately carved into the limestone, creating an architectural marvel that tells the story of Matera’s evolution through time.
However, the beauty of Matera’s ancient design hid a darker side of poverty and disease, which became internationally known in the 1950s. The Italian government, recognizing the dire conditions, evacuated many inhabitants to modern buildings. This marked the beginning of a period of neglect for the Sassi, until their cultural and historical value was re-evaluated towards the end of the 20th century.
In 1993, Matera’s unique heritage was recognized by UNESCO, which declared the Sassi a World Heritage Site. This acknowledgment spurred a revitalization effort, transforming the caves into homes, hotels, restaurants, and cultural venues while preserving their historical essence.
Matera’s journey from prehistoric settlement to a symbol of cultural rebirth reached a pinnacle when it was named a European Capital of Culture for 2019, celebrating its rich, multifaceted history and its dynamic resurgence in the contemporary world.
Top 10 Incredible Things To Do In Matera
1. Explore the Sassi di Matera
Exploring the Sassi di Matera is likely the main reason you find yourself in Matera, a city that boasts one of the world’s most unique landscapes. The Sassi di Matera, a remarkable ancient cave dwelling area, offers a journey back in time, where history is etched into every stone and alleyway.
What makes the Sassi di Matera compelling for travelers is not just its antiquity, but the living history it represents. These caves, some of the oldest continuously inhabited settlements in the world, have been transformed into houses, restaurants, and even chic hotels, offering a blend of historical authenticity and modern comfort.
Walking through the Sassi, you’ll find yourself captivated by the stark beauty of the architecture and the ingenious ways in which people have adapted to this terrain over millennia. It’s a testament to human resilience and creativity, making it an essential experience for anyone visiting Matera.
Moreover, the Sassi di Matera provides a unique perspective on humanity’s ability to thrive in challenging environments, making it more than just a tourist attraction—it’s a source of inspiration and insight. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a lover of architecture, or simply in search of a travel experience that touches the soul, the Sassi di Matera is where you’ll find it.
2. Visit the Casa Grotta di Vico Solitario
Visiting the Casa Grotta di Vico Solitario is a unique journey back in time, nestled within the ancient Sassi di Matera, a UNESCO World Heritage site. This carefully preserved cave dwelling offers you a glimpse into the past life of Matera’s inhabitants.
Inside, you’ll find the house furnished as it would have been centuries ago, providing an authentic insight into the daily lives of people who called these cave homes their own. From traditional furniture to utensils and the ingenious ways they adapted to their environment, it’s a vivid illustration of human resilience and ingenuity.
3. Discover the Rupestrian Churches
Matera’s ancient Sassi districts are dotted with ancient churches carved directly into the rock, known as rupestrian churches.
Inside, you’ll find an array of frescoes and carvings dating back centuries, some visibly telling stories of faith and devotion. These hidden gems, carved directly into the limestone, showcase the ingenuity and spirituality of the past inhabitants. It’s not just about observing; it’s about experiencing the profound sense of peace and timelessness that these spaces exude.
Make sure you visit some of these churches, such as Santa Lucia alle Malve or San Pietro Barisano, for a unique spiritual journey into the fusion of nature, faith, and art.
4. Enjoy the View from Belvedere di Piazza Giovanni Pascoli
When visiting Matera, don’t miss the opportunity to witness the breathtaking view from Belvedere di Piazza Giovanni Pascoli. Situated in the heart of the historic city, this vantage point offers an unparalleled panorama of Matera’s ancient cave dwellings and the surrounding rugged landscape.
As you stand on this lookout, you’re surrounded by centuries of history. From this perspective, the intricate layout of the Sassi, carved into limestone cliffs, unfolds before your eyes, allowing you to appreciate the architectural marvel and the ingenuity of its ancient inhabitants.
For travelers seeking a moment of reflection or photographers aiming to capture the beauty of Matera, Belvedere di Piazza Giovanni Pascoli is a must visit.
5. Delve into History at the Museo Nazionale d’Arte Medievale e Moderna della Basilicata
Exploring the Museo Nazionale d’Arte Medievale e Moderna della Basilicata is a journey through time nestled in the heart of Matera. Conveniently located amidst the city’s captivating ancient landscape, this museum offers a unique blend of history and culture that you won’t find anywhere else.
Inside, you’ll discover an exquisite collection that spans from the medieval to the modern era, showcasing the rich artistic heritage of the Basilicata region. Each piece tells a story, from ancient sculptures and precious artifacts to stunning paintings, providing insight into the evolution of art and society through the centuries.
Whether you’re a history buff, an art lover, or someone curious about the past, the Museo Nazionale d’Arte Medievale e Moderna della Basilicata offers an enriching experience that connects you more intimately with Matera’s enduring legacy.
6. Walk Across the Ponte Tibetano (Tibetan Bridge)
For the adventurous, crossing the Tibetan Bridge offers an exhilarating perspective of the Gravina gorge and the surrounding landscape. This suspension bridge connects two sides of the gorge, offering stunning views and a bit of adrenaline. It’s a unique way to experience Matera’s natural beauty and geological wonders.
7. Savor Matera’s Culinary Delights
Savoring Matera’s culinary delights is an adventure for your taste buds that you shouldn’t miss when visiting this iconic city. Nestled in the heart of the Sassi di Matera, the city’s food scene offers a deep dive into the rich, rustic flavors of Basilicata.
Here, you’ll find a myriad of restaurants and quaint eateries that serve traditional dishes with a modern twist. Take the time to indulge in local specialties such as Pane di Matera (a crusty bread with a protected designation of origin), orecchiette pasta with cruschi peppers, and lucanica, a flavorful local sausage. Dining in Matera is a journey through taste and tradition.
8. Relax in the Parco della Murgia Materana
Hiking in the Parco della Murgia Materana is a must-do activity when visiting Matera, offering a natural escape. Situated just across the Gravina River from the Sassi di Matera, this vast natural park serves as a perfect counterbalance to the urban exploration.
Here, you are invited to immerse yourself in the beauty of rugged landscapes, dotted with ancient cave churches and prehistoric settlements. The park’s paths lead you through a serene journey into nature and history, offering breathtaking views of Matera that are unparalleled. It’s an ideal spot for travelers looking to connect with the outdoors, enjoy leisurely hikes, or simply find a peaceful moment to reflect on their journey.
It’s easy accessibility from the city, combined with the opportunity to experience both nature and history, ensures a fulfilling and memorable visit for every traveler.
9. Experience Matera by Night
Matera at night is transformed into a magical and almost ethereal atmosphere. Its ancient Sassi districts and stone-carved architecture is illuminated under a romantic glow.
As you wander through the labyrinthine streets, the play of light and shadows adds an extra dimension. The city’s historical sites, including churches and dwellings carved directly into the rock, reveal themselves in a new, enchanting light, creating a timeless atmosphere.
Local life thrives after dark. Charming cafes and atmospheric restaurants buzz with activity, offering the perfect spots to savor regional delicacies or enjoy a glass of local wine. The vibrant nightlife provides a warm welcome to travelers seeking to soak in Matera’s unique blend of history and contemporary culture.
10. Visit the Palombaro Lungo
Visit the Palombaro Lungo in Matera for a truly unique experience beneath the city’s surface. Located beneath Matera’s main square, Piazza Vittorio Veneto, this underground cistern is one of the largest of its kind. Carved directly into the limestone, it once collected rainwater for the residents above, showcasing the ingenuity of past civilizations.
When you step into this cavernous space, you’ll be captivated by its sheer size and the atmospheric play of light. It’s a testament to human resilience and adaptation, making it a fascinating destination for travelers interested in history and architecture.
Exploring the Palombaro Lungo on a guided tour offers not just a peek into Matera’s past but also a moment of cool respite from the warm, bustling streets above. It’s a compelling addition to any Matera itinerary, inviting you to ponder the depths of human history while surrounded by the silent echoes of ancient life. Don’t miss the chance to explore this hidden gem and connect with the historical heartbeat of Matera.
How To Get To Matera
If you’re starting your journey from Rome, the capital, the train is a comfortable and scenic option. Board a high-speed train to Salerno, and then switch to a regional service heading to Matera. This journey offers a glimpse of Italy’s diverse landscapes, transitioning from bustling urban centers to serene countryside vistas.
Alternatively, for those closer to the southern shores, a direct bus from Naples might be the most convenient route. This direct connection weaves through the picturesque landscapes of Campania and Basilicata, leading you straight to the heart of Matera. The journey allows for an immersive experience, as you traverse through regions rich in culture and history.
Flying into Italy with Matera as your intended destination? The closest airports are Bari and Brindisi. From Bari, you can take a shuttle bus or a train to Matera, a journey that lasts about an hour and a half. From Brindisi, rent a car or take a shuttle service to Lecce, followed by a direct bus to Matera. These routes offer a mix of modern convenience and scenic beauty, showcasing the best of southern Italy’s landscapes.
For those who prefer the flexibility and adventure of driving, renting a car from any major city in Italy provides an unforgettable road trip experience. The well-maintained roads and clear signage guide you through Italy’s stunning countryside, olive groves, and coastal views, leading directly to Matera. Remember, driving in Italy is an experience itself, imbued with the country’s passion for life and beauty.
Final Words
Matera offers an exquisite tapestry of history, culture, and natural beauty that captivates every visitor. From exploring ancient cave dwellings in the Sassi to savoring the rich flavors of Basilicata’s cuisine, the city presents a unique blend of experiences that resonate with the soul of every traveler.
As you leave Matera, the memories of its breathtaking landscapes, the warmth of its people, and the depth of its cultural heritage will linger, inviting you to return. The city is not just a destination but a timeless journey into the heart of Italy, promising new discoveries with every visit.
Don’t miss our guides to nearby Amalfi Coast here and Puglia here. You can also read all our reasons why Southern Italy should be in your itinerary here. Find more guides to Southern Italy here.
